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Что (кто) такое retaining-type abutment - определение

STRUCTURE DESIGNED TO CONFINE AND SUPPORT SOIL LATERALLY SO THAT IT CAN BE RETAINED ON UNNATURAL SLOPES

Retaining walls; Sheet piling; Sheet pile; Sheet-Pile; Sheet-Piling; Retaining structure; Cantilever retaining wall; Gravity wall; Retention wall; Retaining-wall; Retainer wall; Retaining Structures; Sheet piles

Abutment

SUBSTRUCTURE AT THE ENDS OF A BRIDGE SPAN OR DAM SUPPORTING ITS SUPERSTRUCTURE

Abutments; Bridge abutments; Bridge abutment

An abutment is the substructure at the ends of a bridge span or dam supporting its superstructure. Single-span bridges have abutments at each end which provide vertical and lateral support for the span, as well as acting as retaining walls to resist lateral movement of the earthen fill of the bridge approach.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abutment

Abutment

SUBSTRUCTURE AT THE ENDS OF A BRIDGE SPAN OR DAM SUPPORTING ITS SUPERSTRUCTURE

Abutments; Bridge abutments; Bridge abutment

·noun State of abutting.

II. Abutment ·noun That on or against which a body abuts or presses.

III. Abutment ·noun In breech-loading firearms, the block behind the barrel which receives the pressure due to recoil.

IV. Abutment ·noun The solid part of a pier or wall, ·etc., which receives the thrust or lateral pressure of an arch, vault, or strut.

V. Abutment ·noun A fixed point or surface from which resistance or reaction is obtained, as the cylinder head of a steam engine, the fulcrum of a lever, ·etc.

abutment

SUBSTRUCTURE AT THE ENDS OF A BRIDGE SPAN OR DAM SUPPORTING ITS SUPERSTRUCTURE

Abutments; Bridge abutments; Bridge abutment

n.

1.

Abutting, being contiguous or adjacent, adjoining, adjacency, contiguity, juxtaposition.

2.

Shore-pier, end-pier, terminal pier, terminal support.

Википедия

Retaining wall

Retaining walls are relatively rigid walls used for supporting soil laterally so that it can be retained at different levels on the two sides. Retaining walls are structures designed to restrain soil to a slope that it would not naturally keep to (typically a steep, near-vertical or vertical slope). They are used to bound soils between two different elevations often in areas of terrain possessing undesirable slopes or in areas where the landscape needs to be shaped severely and engineered for more specific purposes like hillside farming or roadway overpasses. A retaining wall that retains soil on the backside and water on the frontside is called a seawall or a bulkhead.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retaining wall